Ransomware:

A cyberattack where bad actors encrypt an organization’s data and demand payment to restore access. Attackers often leverage phishing emails to trick their victims into clicking on an attachment, which runs malicious software that takes over their computer.

Major types: Crypto, lockers, scareware, Ransomware-as-a-Service, and leakware/doxware.

Ransomware examples: WannaCry, Locky, Cerber, Maze, and Ryuk.